Ivermectin(Iverheal 12) is a powerful antiparasitic medication widely used in both humans and animals. Discovered in the 1970s and derived from the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis, ivermectin quickly became a game-changer in the treatment of several parasitic diseases. It has been listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an essential medicine due to its effectiveness, safety, and affordability. While it is more commonly recognized for veterinary use, ivermectin also plays a crucial role in human health.

What Is Ivermectin?

Ivermectin 6 mg tablet dose is part of a class of drugs known as anthelmintics, which target and eliminate parasitic worms and other pathogens. It works by binding to certain chloride channels in the nerve and muscle cells of parasites, causing paralysis and death. Importantly, these channels are not present in humans, making the drug selective and relatively safe when used correctly.

Approved Uses of Ivermectin in Humans

1. Onchocerciasis (River Blindness)

One of the most well-known uses of ivermectin in humans is the treatment of onchocerciasis, commonly known as river blindness. This disease is caused by the Onchocerca volvulus worm and is transmitted by blackfly bites. Ivermectin doesn’t kill the adult worms but paralyzes the microfilariae (larvae), which are responsible for symptoms like severe itching, skin rashes, and eye problems that can lead to blindness. A single dose every 6 to 12 months helps control the disease and prevents transmission.

2. Lymphatic Filariasis (Elephantiasis)

Ivermectin is also used to treat lymphatic filariasis, a parasitic infection caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and other filarial worms. It is usually administered in combination with albendazole or diethylcarbamazine (DEC) to enhance effectiveness. The drug kills the microfilariae, reducing symptoms such as lymphedema (swelling of limbs) and preventing disease progression.

3. Strongyloidiasis

Caused by the Strongyloides stercoralis roundworm, strongyloidiasis can lead to persistent abdominal pain, diarrhea, and even life-threatening infections in immunocompromised individuals. Ivermectin is the treatment of choice and is highly effective in clearing the infection with minimal side effects.

4. Scabies and Head Lice

Topical and oral ivermectin is used to treat scabies and lice infestations, particularly in cases resistant to conventional treatments. For scabies, which is caused by Sarcoptes scabiei mites, a single or repeated dose of ivermectin can clear the infection. It’s especially beneficial in institutional outbreaks or crusted scabies, a severe form of the disease.

5. Ascariasis and Other Intestinal Worms

Ivermectin can also be used to treat roundworm infections such as ascariasis and other intestinal nematodes, although it is not the first-line treatment in all cases. It works well in areas with multiple types of parasitic infections.

Off-Label and Investigational Uses

1. COVID-19

During the COVID-19 pandemic, ivermectin gained attention as a potential antiviral treatment. However, leading health authorities like the WHO, FDA, and CDC have warned against its use for COVID-19 outside of clinical trials. While some lab studies showed promise, clinical evidence has been inconclusive or showed minimal benefit.

2. Rosacea and Skin Conditions

Topical ivermectin has been approved for the treatment of inflammatory skin conditions like rosacea. It helps reduce skin lesions and inflammation, likely due to its anti-inflammatory and antiparasitic properties.

Dosage and Administration

Ivermectin is usually taken orally in tablet form for internal infections or applied topically for skin conditions. Dosage depends on the type of infection, body weight, and age. For example:

• Onchocerciasis: 150 mcg/kg as a single dose every 6 to 12 months

• Strongyloidiasis: 200 mcg/kg as a single or multiple doses

• Scabies: One dose repeated after 7-14 days

Always follow a healthcare provider’s prescription, as incorrect dosing can lead to side effects or reduced effectiveness.

Safety and Side Effects

Ivermectin is generally well tolerated. Common side effects include:

• Dizziness

• Nausea

• Diarrhea

• Skin rash

• Mild swelling or itching (especially in parasitic skin conditions)

More serious reactions can occur, especially in people with a heavy parasite burden. These include:

• Severe allergic reactions

• Vision problems

• Low blood pressure

• Neurological symptoms (rare)

Who Should Not Use Ivermectin?

• Children under 15 kg (33 lbs)

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women (unless benefits outweigh risks)

• People with liver problems

• Individuals on interacting medications (consult a doctor)

Ivermectin is a versatile and powerful medication that has significantly improved the quality of life for millions of people around the world. From treating river blindness to scabies, its antiparasitic action is both broad and effective. When used under medical guidance, ivermectin remains a vital tool in global health. However, it is essential to avoid self-medication and rely on professional advice, especially with rising misuse and misinformation. As research continues, we may uncover even more potential uses for this remarkable drug in human medicine.